Developing a Cognitive Training Strategy for First-Episode Schizophrenia: Integrating Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches

Integrating Bottom-Up and Top-Down Analysis For Intelligent Hypertext

The range of hypertext systems continues to expand, from custom-tailored closed systems to dynamic, distributed, and open systems like the World-Wide Web (WWW). The shift from closed to open systems results in a corresponding decrease in the effectiveness of metrics and techniques for providing intelligent hypertext to users. Essentially, the locus of control shifts away from developers towards...

A Comparative Study of Effect of Bottom-up and Top-down Instructional Approaches on EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Recall and Retention

This quasi-experimental study investigated the effect of bottom-up and top-down instructional approaches on English as a foreign language (EFL) vocabulary recall and retention. To this end, 44 high school students from two intact classes were assigned to bottom-up (n = 21) and top-down (n = 23) groups. The participants were exposed to 20 hours of explicit vocabulary instruction during 10 weeks ...

Combining Top-down and Bottom-up approaches for ROBDD Construction

ROBDDs have traditionally been built in a bottom-up fashion, through the recursive use of Bryant's apply procedure [6], or the ITE [4] procedure. With these methods, the peak memory utilization is often larger than the nal ROBDD size. Though methods like Dynamic Variable Reordering [21] have been proposed to reduce the memory utilization, such schemes have an associated time penalty. In this pa...

Bottom-up, top-down

Integrating Bottom-up and Top-down Processing in Active Dendrites

| The classical view of information processing in the cortex is that of a bottom-up process in a feed-forward hierarchy. However there is psychophysical, anatomical and physiological evidence that top-down eeects play a crucial role in the processing of input stimuli. Hardly anything is known about the neural mechanisms underlying these effects. Here we investigate a physiologically inspired mo...